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Historically, Tonga has almost exclusively relied on the import of diesel for generating its electricity needs. An estimated 14 million liters of diesel are consumed each year to generate over 89% of the grid-supplied electricity.

The Asian Development Bank (ADB), World Bank (WB) and Solomon Islands Government (the government) have established the Solomon Islands Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project (UWSSSP).

Port Vila, Vanuatu’s capital city and economic hub, located on the island of Efate is a growing city that faces not only expansion but high vulnerability to natural hazards such as cyclones, earthquakes and associated tsunamis, prolonged inundation and drought.

This Environmental and Social Safeguard monitoring report is conducted bi-annually to ensure that the Outer Island Renewable Energy Project is aligned with the ADB’s safeguard Policy Statement (SPS) and the Government of Tonga’s environmental laws and regulations.

This report draws on the findings from a regional overview and three case studies of ‘anticipatory action’ in infrastructure sectors in the Pacific Islands. There is huge potential to improve anticipatory action for drought.

The Outer Island Maritime Infrastructure Project – Additional Financing (the project) will continue the efforts of the Government of Tuvalu (the government) with support from Asian Development Bank (ADB) to rehabilitate and improve maritime infrastructure on the outer islands.

Land is a vital resource to humankind, like air and water.

This Checklist provides guidance for the Borrower on the application of the Environmental and Social Standards (ESSs), which form part of the World Bank’s 2016 Environmental and Social Framework.