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If environmental reviews indicate the need of monitoring by JICA, JICA undertakes monitoring for necessary items that are decided by environmental reviews. JICA undertakes monitoring based on regular reports including measured data submitted by the project proponent.

Key water security issues are broken down into three main categories: water quality, water quantity, and social impacts. In mine water issues, water quality often supersedes quantity, as other industries, particularly agricultural, consume more water.

Gender-based violence (GBV) is an umbrella term for any harmful act that is perpetrated against a person’s will and that is based on socially ascribed (i.e gender) differences between males and females.